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Stage 1: Ethical Foundations and Community Partnerships
Self Reflection and Positionality
- Reflections on Researcher Identity and Power: The Impact of Positionality on Community Based Participatory Research (CBPR) Processes and Outcomes
Peer Reviewed Article
This article examines the role of researcher identity and power in community-based participatory research, advocating for the necessity of recognizing and addressing unequal power relations. It provides insights into how power, privilege, researcher identity, and team composition health disparity outcomes.
Muhammad, M., Wallerstein, N., Sussman, A. L., Avila, M., Belone, L., & Duran, B. (2015). Reflections on Researcher Identity and Power: The Impact of Positionality on Community Based Participatory Research (CBPR) Processes and Outcomes. Critical Sociology (Eugene), 41(7-8), 1045-1063. https://doi.org/10.1177/0896920513516025
- Challenging ourselves: Critical Self Reflection on Power and Privilege
Book chapter
The chapter provides researchers with an approach to critical self reflection, which includes examining the impact of one's own cultural identity with the Cultural Identity Tool and how your identity plays a role in shaping your access to economic, social, and political privileges.
Hyde, C. (2012). 3. Challenging Ourselves: Critical Self-Reflection on Power and Privilege. In M. Minkler (Ed.), Community Organizing and Community Building for Health and Welfare (pp. 428-436). Ithaca, NY: Rutgers University Press. https://cbprinstitute.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/hyde-critical-sefl-reflection-and-privilege.pdf
- Me and White Supremacy: Combat Racism, Change the World, and Become a Good Ancestor
Book
The book provides readers with an opportunity to explore their complicity in upholding racial injustice. Through a series of reflective prompts and actionable steps spread over a 28-day challenge, Saad encourages individuals to engage deeply with topics such as white privilege, white fragility, and tone policing. The book's goal is to foster a deeper understanding of racial biases and their impact on people of color, urging readers to commit to anti-racist practices in their daily lives. Saad emphasizes the importance of doing this internal work as a prerequisite for creating meaningful change in the world and being good ancestors to future generations.
Saad, L. (2020). Me and White Supremacy: Combat Racism, Change the World, and Become a Good Ancestor. Sourcebooks.
- Perspectives on learning to practice reflexivity while engaging communities in implementation science
Peer Reviewed Article
The article provides researchers with a pathway for practicing reflexivity, including using the Cultural Identity Tool, recording interactions with community members using fieldnotes, holding periodic monthly check-ins with mentors on the technical aspects of the reserach process, debriefing "head notes" after interactions with community members, and consulting community based participatory research seminal readings and courses provided by their university.
https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/health-services/articles/10.3389/frhs.2022.1070444/full
- 10 books about race to read instead of asking a POC to explain it to you
Web based magazine
The article suggests books for those seeking to educate themselves on race, racism, and white supremacy without burdening people of color with the task of education. The list is intended to offer readers resources to better understand systemic racism and the experiences of marginalized groups.
Trombetta, S. (2020, June 1). 10 Books about race to read instead of asking a POC to explain it to you. Bustle. https://www.bustle.com/entertainment/10-books-about-race-to-read-instead-of-asking-a-person-of-color-to-explain-things-to-you-8548796
- Deepen your understanding of decolonisation
Video
Samantha Moyo discusses her personal awakening to racial injustices, the impact of cultural appropriation, and her realization of the importance of decolonial thinking. Moyo emphasizes the need for humility, generosity of spirit, and the willingness to confront one's privilege as steps towards decolonization. She advocates for heart-opening exercises, engaging conversations, body movement, and invoking ancestral support as means to aid the decolonization process and achieve sovereignty reclamation.
Moyo, S. (2020, February 14). Deepen your understanding of decolonisation. TEDx Talks. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7JFHjpnD8UA
- (divorcing) White supremacy culture: Coming home to who we really are
Website
The website serves as a free, accessible resource that encourages reflection on the characteristics of white supremacy culture, emphasizing the importance of considering these characteristics within a broader, interconnected context. It highlights the misuse of the material for weaponization against individuals, advocating instead for its use as a tool for self-reflection and societal improvement. The article includes updated characteristics of white supremacy culture with an intersectional lens, incorporating stories, poems, art, and external resources to enrich the discussion.
Okun, T. (2023). (divorcing) White supremacy culture: Coming home to who we really are. https://www.whitesupremacyculture.info/
- Educational Justice: Which Are You — an Advocate, Ally, or Activist?
Website
The article argues that advocacy and activism are inseparable in the quest to dismantle the historical and systemic inequities in America's education system. The author challenges the notion that one can be an advocate without being an activist, suggesting that true advocacy requires direct action and a deep connection to the communities served. The article critiques the superficial commitment of some advocates who maintain a safe distance from the issues, emphasizing the need for activists who are directly involved in communities and willing to take risks for change.
El-Mekki, S. (2018, September 24). Educational justice: Which are you — an advocate, ally, or activist? The Education Trust. https://edtrust.org/the-equity-line/educational-justice-which-are-you-an-advocate-ally-or-activist/
- Ally or accomplice? The language of activism
Website
The article delineates the main differences between an ally and an accomplice. Allies primarily support individuals in marginalized communities through advocacy and solidarity. In contrast, accomplices focus on dismantling the oppressive structures that marginalize those communities, guided by the leadership and needs of the marginalized groups themselves. Clemens argues that both roles are essential: allies work to ensure immediate support and dignity for individuals, while accomplices aim for long-term structural change to achieve equity. Although the article suggests that both forms of activism are valuable, it also challenges readers, especially those in positions of privilege, to critically evaluate their approach to social justice and consider adopting more active, systemic strategies for change.,
Clemens, C. (2017, June 5). Ally or accomplice? The language of activism. Learning for Justice. https://www.learningforjustice.org/magazine/ally-or-accomplice-the-language-of-activism
- Soylent Is People, and WEIRD Is White: Biological Anthropology, Whiteness, and the Limits of the WEIRD
Review Article
The article critiques the prevalent use of WEIRD (Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Democratic) populations in quantitative human subjects research, highlighting its limitations and the implicit whiteness of its sample populations. The authors argue that the WEIRD acronym, while attempting to critique the narrow scope of much psychological and social science research, inadvertently reinforces the erasure of diverse identities and experiences, particularly those of people of color and Indigenous peoples, by not adequately addressing the role of whiteness and the exclusionary practices within research methodologies. They emphasize the need for a more reflexive and inclusive approach to research that acknowledges the full spectrum of human experience, challenges the dominance of WEIRD perspectives, and considers the positionality of researchers. The article calls for integrating methodologies that decenter whiteness, such as grounded theory, Indigenous methodologies, and participatory action research, to produce more equitable research.
Clancy, K. B. H., & Davis, J. L. (2019). Soylent is people, and WEIRD Is white: Biological anthropology, whiteness, and the limits of the WEIRD. Annual Review of Anthropology, 48, 169-186. /https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-anthro-102218-011133
- "White Privilege: Unpacking the Invisible Knapsack" and "Some Notes for Facilitators"
Website/Training
By listing specific, everyday examples, such as the ability to find housing in a desired neighborhood or shopping without suspicion, McIntosh illustrates how white privilege permeates social structures, affording unearned benefits to white individuals. She emphasizes that these privileges are largely invisible to those who benefit from them, thus remaining unchallenged and perpetuated. This work encourages readers, particularly those who are white, to reflect on their own positions within systems of power and privilege, aiming to foster a deeper understanding of systemic inequality and motivate actions towards equity. The essay serves as a critical tool for educators, activists, and individuals committed to social justice, challenging them to recognize and address the implicit biases and privileges that contribute to the persistence of racial disparities.
McIntosh, P., & National Seed Project. (n.d.). "White privilege: Unpacking the invisible knapsack" and "Some notes for facilitators". https://www.nationalseedproject.org/key-seed-texts/white-privilege-unpacking-the-invisible-knapsack
- Whiteness in the Qualitative Research Setting: Critical Skepticism, Radical Reflexivity and Anti-racist Feminism
Peer Reviewed Article
Deliovsky reflects on the difficulties of navigating the researcher-participant relationship, where participants often exhibit a "rhetorical ethic" by articulating social justice narratives while simultaneously demonstrating racist ideologies. The essay critically examines how whiteness and femininity serve as sites of power, influencing participant responses and complicating the research process. It underscores the importance of "critical skepticism" and "radical reflexivity" in analyzing participant responses, advocating for a research approach that is deeply introspective and sensitive to the nuances of power, race, and gender dynamics. Deliovsky's work calls for more inclusive and equitable research practices that acknowledge and address the complexities of studying whiteness and its impact on societal structures and personal identities.
Deliovasky, K. (2017). Whiteness in the qualitative research setting: Critical skepticism, radical reflexivity, and anti-racist feminism. Journal of Critical Race Inquiry, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.24908/jcri.v4i1.6369
- Racial Trauma Guide
Digital Guide
The guide outlines the psychological and physical manifestations of racial trauma, emphasizing the unique experiences of Black Americans and the importance of intersectionality in understanding these impacts. Strategies for coping with racial trauma, including engaging in racially conscious discussions, practicing self-care, and activism, are presented. Moreover, the guide offers resources for mental health support tailored to the needs of people of color, including directories for finding culturally competent therapists and programs. This initiative highlights the crucial need for discussions on race and inequality, advocating for comprehensive support and empowerment of Black Americans and other marginalized communities to navigate and heal from racial trauma.
Metzger, I. (2023). Racial trauma guide. https://www.drishametzger.com/racial-trauma-guide
Intersectionality and Historical Analysis
- A black women's history of the United States
Book
Covering a broad timeline from precolonial times to the present day, the book delves into the lives, struggles, and achievements of Black women in the United States. Berry and Gross bring to light stories of resistance, resilience, and innovation, highlighting the contributions of Black women in the fight for civil rights, their influence in culture and arts, and their critical role in the American labor force among various sectors. Through personal narratives, historical analysis, and vivid storytelling, the authors challenge the traditional narratives of American history and emphasize the diversity and complexity of Black women's experiences. The book aims to provide a more inclusive and equitable perspective on American history, recognizing the often-overlooked contributions of Black women.
Berry, D. R., & Gross, K. N. (2021). A black women's history of the United States. Beacon Press.
- Discourse on colonialism
Book
Césaire's essay is a profound critique of European colonialism, presenting it as a destructive force that dehumanizes both the colonizer and the colonized. He argues that colonialism is not an exchange or a contribution to civilization but an exploitation and devastation of colonized societies. Césaire exposes the hypocrisy of colonialism, which claims to bring civilization to supposedly barbaric societies while engaging in barbaric practices itself. He discusses the psychological and moral degradation inflicted on the colonizer, who becomes desensitized to violence and oppression. Césaire also highlights the resilience and richness of colonized cultures, despite the systematic attempts to destroy them. The text is a call to recognize the humanity and value of all civilizations and criticizes the capitalist and imperialist foundations of European dominance.
Césaire, A. (2001). Discourse on Colonialism. Monthly Review Press.
- The urgency of intersectionality
Video
The presentation delves into the historical and legal aspects of intersectionality, referencing a legal case to highlight systemic failures in addressing race and gender discrimination collectively. It emphasizes the invisibility of black women's experiences within the social justice narrative, despite their significant impact by overlapping systems of oppression. The speaker advocates for "saying her name" as a step towards acknowledging and addressing the issue but stresses that further action is necessary. The presentation concludes with a collective acknowledgment of the names of black women victims, urging a shift from mourning to active change.
"Crenshaw, K. (2016, October). The urgency of intersectionality. TEDWomen. https://www.ted.com/talks/kimberle_crenshaw_the_urgency_of_intersectionality?"
- Antiracist Community Engagement
Book
The book is organized around a set of Anti-racist Community Engagement Principles developed by the editors as part of their shared work and dialogue with colleagues regionally and across the country. The significant number of diverse voices that have informed the creation of the principles reveal the groundswell of work underway to center anti-racist values and to pivot away from the traditional, higher education-centric, and “white savior” ways of doing community engagement teaching, research, and practice.
- Antiracist Community Engagement
Digital Companion
The digital companion is useful for those who have read Anti-Racist Community Engagement: Principles and Practices and those who haven’t. There are two ways of navigating material in the digital companion. Use the table of contents below to jump to content that corresponds to each chapter in the volume, including brief descriptions of the chapters and materials for download. The bottom of this page also includes a downloads section, where you can directly download material from the digital companion.
https://compact.org/resources/anti-racist-community-engagement-digital-companion
Building and Managing Collaborative Teams
- Ten simple rules for building an antiracist lab
Peer Reviewed Article
The article provides a guide for creating antiracist policies within scientific labs, highlighting the necessity of active engagement in antiracism to promote diversity, equity, and inclusion in science. It outlines ten rules for lab environments to foster racial inclusivity and confront racial inequities, including leading informed discussions about racism, addressing racism in lab and field safety guidelines, collaborating with BIPOC colleagues, and evaluating lab mentoring practices, among others.
Chaudhary, V. B., & Berhe, A. A. (2020). Ten simple rules for building an antiracist lab. PLOS Computational Biology, 16(10). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008210
- How do black lives matter in teching, lab practices, and research
Article
The contributors explore the influence of systemic racism on scientific fields, advocating for inclusive practices and greater representation of Black individuals in research and teaching. The piece highlights personal experiences, challenges in funding research on Black health issues, and the necessity of embedding feminist and antiracist principles in scientific inquiry to foster a more equitable academic environment.
Pollock, A., Roy, D., Platt, M.O., Adams, M., Dusabamoro, T., Fearce, C.,...McHenry, K.A. (2017). How do black lives matter in teching, lab practices, and research. Science Out of Feminist Theory Part 1: Feminism's Sciences, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.28968/cftt.v3i1.28793
- Ten simple rules towards healthier research labs
Article
The author emphasizes the need for a humane and supportive work environment in research labs to counter the detrimental effects of intense competition and pressure in academia. It highlights the prevalent mental health issues among researchers, particularly early-career scientists, and proposes ten actionable rules aimed at creating a more nurturing and collaborative atmosphere. These include prioritizing the well-being of lab members, allowing flexible work schedules, promoting gratitude, fostering teamwork, and encouraging a healthy work-life balance.
Maestre, F. T. (2019). Ten simple rules towards healthier research labs. PLOS Comutational Biology, 15(4). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006914
- The preeminence of ethnic diversity in scientific collaboration
Peer Reviewed Article
The authors find that ethnic diversity among scientists and their collaborations significantly increases citation impact, more so than other types of diversity such as gender or academic discipline. Through statistical analyses like randomized baseline models, the study demonstrates that ethnically diverse teams are more likely to produce impactful research. This supports the idea that fostering ethnic diversity in academic environments can enhance scientific innovation and reach.
AlShebli, B.K., Rahwan, T. & Woon, W.L. The preeminence of ethnic diversity in scientific collaboration. Nature Communications, 9(5163). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-07634-8
Community Consultation and Relationship Building
- Decolonising research with black communities: developing equitable and ethical relationships between academic and community stakeholders
Peer Reviewed Article
This article outlines practical strategies for fostering trust, respect, and reciprocity in research relationships, aiming to overturn the legacy of exploitation and marginalization in academic studies involving black populations.
Goddard-Durant, S., Sieunarine, J. A., & Doucet, A. (2021). Decolonising research with black communities: developing equitable and ethical relationships between academic and community stakeholders. Families, Relationships and Societies, 10(1), 189-196. https://doi.org/10.1332/204674321x16104823811079
- Prinicples of Community Engagement: Second Edition
Report
The report outlines the principles and ethics of community engagement, which includes developing and enforcing an ethical code to assess the conduct of researcher and community relationships.
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). (2011). Prinicples of Community Engagement: Second Edition. https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/communityengagement/pdf/PCE_Report_508_FINAL.pdf
- Racial healing and relationship building: Policy and practice brief
Report
This brief outlines the critical role of racial healing and relationship building in addressing past injustices and fostering a more equitable society. Through various examples and strategies, it demonstrates the positive impacts of creating spaces for open dialogue, understanding, and empathy across different communities.
American Public Health Association. (2021). Racial healing and relationship building: Policy and practice brief. https://apha.org/-/media/Files/PDF/topics/equity/Healing_Through_Policy_Relationship_Building.ashx
- How to … approach anti-racist audience and community research
Website
The author emphasizes the need for cultural organizations to recognize and dismantle ingrained prejudices and biases in research practices. The guide outlines steps for achieving this, including acknowledging the power dynamics inherent in research, being transparent about research goals, examining researcher and institutional positionality, and ensuring diversity in research participation. It stresses the importance of building honest, respectful relationships with minoritized communities, using appropriate terminology, and adopting an intersectional approach to fully understand the complexities of identity and discrimination.
Ali, R. (2023). How to … approach anti-racist audience and community research. Centre for Cultural Value. https://www.culturehive.co.uk/CVIresources/how-to-approach-anti-racist-audience-and-community-research/
- Choosing To “Stay With The Trouble”: A Gesture Towards Decolonial Research Praxis
Short Essay
By sharing stories of engaging with Indigenous communities in Nicaragua, the piece delves into the negotiations and adjustments necessary to align academic research with decolonial ethics, emphasizing the importance of mutual respect, responsibility, and long-term relationships. It critically examines the academic compulsion towards extractive research and proposes a path towards research that is genuinely collaborative and respectful of Indigenous epistemologies and sovereignties.
Casolo, J. J., Flores, S., Gonda, N., & Nightingale, A. (2022). Choosing to “stay with the trouble”: A gesture towards decolonial research praxis. Undisciplined Environments. https://undisciplinedenvironments.org/2022/03/08/choosing-to-stay-with-the-trouble-a-gesture-towards-decolonial-research-praxis/
- Dancing the World into Being: A Conversation with Idle No More’s Leanne Simpson
Interview
In this interview, conducted by Naomi Klein, Leanne Simpson articulates the essence of Idle No More as an embodiment of decolonization, rooted in a deep connection and responsibility to the land. Simpson discusses the pervasive nature of extractivism—both environmental and cultural—and the necessity of a reciprocal, respectful relationship with nature and indigenous communities.
Klein, N. (2013). Dancing the world into being: A conversation with idle no more's Leanne Simpson. YES! ! Magazine Solutions Journalism. https://www.yesmagazine.org/social-justice/2013/03/06/dancing-the-world-into-being-a-conversation-with-idle-no-more-leanne-simpson
Stage 2: Co-Development of Research Frameworks and Methodological Approaches
Co-Creation of Research Questions
- Decolonial design practices: Creating safe spaces for plural voices on contested pasts, presents, and futures
Peer Reviewed Article
The study presented involves collaboration with young Namibians, combining elements of design anthropology and community-based participatory design to develop ‘safe spaces’. These spaces serve as environments for mutual learning, dialogue, and engagement in political and contested contexts, facilitating the exploration of alternative narratives about the past, present, and future. The article introduces a framework for the intentional creation of safe spaces in design, emphasizing the importance of engaging with multiple temporalities and the social production of spaces for decolonial design practice.
Kambunga, A. P., Smith, R. C., Winschiers-Theophilus, H., & Otto, T. (2023). Decolonial design practices: Creating safe spaces for plural voices on contested pasts, presents, and futures. Design Studies, 86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.destud.2023.101170
- Moving from the Mainstream to the Margins: Lessons in Culture and Power
Article
Starr offers insights into how power is conceptualized and institutionalized, leading to the exclusion of culturally specific knowledge and practices. The piece emphasizes the importance of recognizing one's cultural biases and the role of structural racism in perpetuating disparities. It advocates for a shift towards equitable and meaningful collaborations that include culturally specific communities and organizations from the conception of projects, highlighting the need for a systemic change to address institutional oppression.
Starr, R. W. (2018). Moving from the Mainstream to the Margins: Lessons in Culture and Power. Journal of Family Violence, 33(8), 551-557. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10896-018-9984-1
Ethical Framework, Informed Consent, and Data Sovereignty
- Indigenous Peoples' Rights in Data: a contribution toward Indigenous Research Sovereignty
Article
The paper emphasizes the importance of Indigenous participation in the management of data, including the right to possess, use, consent to, and refuse the collection and use of their data. It advocates for a paradigm shift towards a more equitable and respectful approach to Indigenous data.
Hudson, M., Carroll, S. R., Anderson, J., Blackwater, D., Cordova-Marks, F. M., Cummins, J., David-Chavez, D., Fernandez, A., Garba, I., Hiraldo, D., Jäger, M. B., Jennings, L. L., Martinez, A., Sterling, R., Walker, J. D., & Rowe, R. K. (2023). Indigenous Peoples' Rights in Data: a contribution toward Indigenous Research Sovereignty. Frontiers in Research Metrics and Analytics, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/frma.2023.1173805
- Online Ethics Canvas
Tool
Online application and tool to help researchers list and assess the ethical implications of a project.
https://www.ethicscanvas.org/canvas/index.php
- Indigenous Peoples’ Rights in Data
Visual
The graphic focuses on establishing a comprehensive set of rights for Indigenous Peoples in relation to data governance and sovereignty. It outlines the critical importance of recognizing and upholding Indigenous rights within the framework of data collection, storage, sharing, and utilization. Central to the discussion is the necessity for data practices to be aligned with Indigenous principles of self-determination, respect, and reciprocity, ensuring that Indigenous communities have control over data that concerns them. This includes rights to self-determination in data governance, the reclamation and preservation of data reflective of Indigenous identities and cultures, and the establishment of protocols for consent and refusal regarding the use of such data.
Global Indigenous Data Alliance (GIDA). (2023). Indigenous people's rights in data. https://www.gida-global.org/data-rights
- Memorandum of Understanding for Mutually Beneficial Research
Template
In order to ensure that the partnership is mutually beneficial, written agreements such as a Memorandum of Understanding (MoA) is typically formalized before beginning community work.
Gordon, E., & Racin, L. (n.d.). Memorandum of Understanding for Mutually Beneficial Research. The Aspen Institute. https://www.aspeninstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/MOU-TEMPLATE.pdf
Decolonial and Antiracist Methodologies
- Decolonizing methodologies in qualitative research: Creating spaces for transformative praxis
Article
This paper discusses the imperative of adopting decolonizing methodologies in qualitative research to honor and integrate the perspectives and knowledge systems of populations oppressed by colonial legacies. It outlines four critical practices for decolonizing research: exercising critical reflexivity, fostering reciprocity and respect for self-determination, embracing Other(ed) ways of knowing, and embodying transformative praxis. The authors argue for the moral necessity of decolonizing research approaches, emphasizing respect, humility, and solidarity with oppressed populations to challenge and transform colonial legacies and knowledge production systems.
Thambinathan, V. & Kinsella, E. A. (2021). Decolonizing methodologies in qualitative research: Creating spaces for transformative praxis. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 20, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1177/16094069211014766
- An antiracist research framework: Principles, challenges, and recommendations for dismantling racism through research
Article
This article proposes an antiracist research framework aimed at dismantling racism through research. It outlines ten foundational principles for conducting antiracist research, discusses challenges antiracist researchers may face, and offers practical recommendations for embedding antiracist methodologies in research activities to achieve social justice and equity.
Goings, T. C., Belgrave, F. Z., Mosavel, M., & Evans, C. B. R. (2023). An antiracist research framework: Principles, challenges, and recommendations for dismantling racism through research. Journal of the Society for Social Work and Research, 14(1), 1-28. https://doi.org/10.1086/720983
- Antiracism and community-based participatory research: Synergies, challenges, and opportunities
Article
This paper argues for health research institutions to actively engage in antiracist practices, notably through CBPR, to disrupt racial hierarchies and address structural racism. It outlines the alignment between antiracist principles and CBPR, identifying challenges within current research funding and institutional practices that hinder these efforts.
Fleming, P. J., Stone, L. C., Creary, M. S., Greene-Moton, E., Israel, B. A., Key, K. D., Reyes, A. G., Wallerstein, N., & Schulz, A. J. (2023). Antiracism and Community-Based Participatory Research: Synergies, Challenges, and Opportunities. American Journal of Public Health, 113(1), 70-78. https://doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2022.307114
- Decolonizing Community-Engaged Research and Unsettling the Work
Video
Video features insights about the importance of recognizing and respecting Indigenous sovereignties, knowledge, and methodologies in research. The conversation emphasizes the need for self-reflection, building right relationships, creating inclusive spaces, and embracing discomfort in the journey towards decolonizing research practices. It highlights the vital role of Indigenous voices in shaping research agendas and methodologies, and the ongoing effort to dismantle colonial structures within academic and research institutions.
Simon Fraser University's Community-Engaged Research Initiative. (2021). Decolonizing Community-Engaged Research and Unsettling the Work. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=blnt6x1fXpI
- Toward a psychological framework of radical healing in communities of color
Article
The authors argue that traditional mental health approaches often overlook the collective histories of trauma and resistance within these communities. They propose a model that integrates five components essential for radical healing: critical consciousness, strength and resistance, cultural authenticity and solidarity, communal support, and holistic wellness. The framework emphasizes the role of psychology in promoting social justice and empowering communities of color through healing practices rooted in cultural heritage and collective identity.
French, B. H., Lewis, J. A., Mosley, D. V., Adames, H. Y., Chavez-Dueñas, N. Y., Chen, G. A., & Neville, H. A. (2019). Toward a psychological framework of radical healing in communities of color. The Counseling Psychologist, 48(1), 14-46. https://doi.org/10.1177/0011000019843506
- Racial Equity Tools
Website
The website has an extensive library of over 4,900 resources related to racial equity, including tools, research, tips, curricula, and practical guides. These resources are designed to enhance understanding and action towards racial justice at various levels, from individual learning to systemic change in organizations, communities, and the broader culture.
Equity in the Center. (n.d.). Racial equity tools. https://www.racialequitytools.org/
Indigenous and Local Knowledge Systems
- Towards reconciliation: 10 Calls to Action to natural scientists working in Canada
Article
"The article provides ten actionable calls for the scientific community to foster meaningful collaborations with Indigenous peoples, recognizing their rights, contributions, and expertise in environmental stewardship and research. These calls to action include acknowledging the history and impacts of colonialism, building genuine relationships with Indigenous communities, and promoting Indigenous leadership in science. "
Wong, C., Ballegooyen, K., Ignace, L., Johnson, M. J., & Swanson, H. (2020). Towards reconciliation: 10 Calls to Action to natural scientists working in Canada. FACETS, 5(1), 769-783. https://doi.org/10.1139/facets-2020-0005
- What Do We Mean by Decolonizing Research Strategies? Lessons from Decolonizing, Indigenous Research Projects in New Zealand and Latin America
Article
The article discusses critiques of colonial research agendas and advocate for methodologies that empower grassroots research collectives. The author emphasizes the importance of community self-determination in research, suggesting that decolonizing research strategies are more about creating spaces that enable indigenous perspectives rather than focusing solely on methods. The paper underscores the role of grassroots structures in facilitating decolonizing projects and highlights the necessity of acknowledging the primacy of these structures over conventional research methods.
Zavala, M. (2013). What do we mean by decolonizing research strategies? Lessons from decolonizing, indigenous research projects in New Zealand and Latin America. Decolonization: Indigeneity, Education & Society, 2(1), 55 – 71. https://digitalcommons.chapman.edu/education_articles/106/
- Research on indigenous elders: From positivistic to decolonizing methodologies
Article
The article addresses the adverse experiences of indigenous peoples with Eurocentric research paradigms and calls for research frameworks that acknowledge historical trauma, life-course perspectives, phenomenology, and critical gerontology. It outlines the strengths and limitations of different research traditions and emphasizes the need for methods that empower indigenous elders, respecting their knowledge and promoting self-leadership in research.
Braun, K. L., Browne, C. V., Ka'opua, L. S., Kim, B. J., & M. N. (2013). Research on indigenous elders: From positivistic to decolonizing methodologies. The Gerontologist, 54(1), 117-126. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnt067
- “I Don't Think that Any Peer Review Committee . . .Would Ever ‘Get’ What I Currently Do”: How Institutional Metrics for Success and Merit Risk Perpetuating the (Re)production of Colonial Relationships in Community-Based Participatory Research Involving Indigenous Peoples in Canada
Article
This article examines the tension between institutional metrics for success and merit, and the principles of community-based participatory research (CBPR) involving Indigenous peoples in Canada. The study reveals that conventional academic metrics for assessing merit and success—such as publications, grants, and presentations—are largely incongruent with the values inherent in CBPR. These metrics tend to privilege traditional discourses of productivity, overlooking the relational values central to decolonizing research methodologies. The authors argue that this incongruence risks perpetuating colonial relationships within the research process, placing the well-being of Indigenous communities in conflict with the academic advancement of researchers.
Castleden, H., Sylvestre, P., Martin, D., & McNally, M. (2015). “I Don't Think that Any Peer Review Committee . . . Would Ever ‘Get’ What I Currently Do”: How Institutional Metrics for Success and Merit Risk Perpetuating the (Re)production of Colonial Relationships in Community-Based Participatory Research Involving Indigenous Peoples in Canada. International Indigenous Policy Journal, 6(2). https://doi.org/10.18584/iipj.2015.6.4.2
- Decolonizing both researcher and research and its effectiveness in Indigenous research
Article
Through personal narratives and case studies, the author shares insights from 15 years of engagement with Indigenous communities around the world, highlighting how decolonizing research practices can lead to more ethical, respectful, and effective research outcomes that benefit Indigenous communities. Datta emphasizes the importance of redefining the roles of the researcher and the research process to create a collaborative, culturally appropriate approach that centers Indigenous voices, sovereignty, and knowledge systems. The article concludes by advocating for research practices that are not only sensitive to the needs and contexts of Indigenous peoples but also actively contribute to their empowerment and self-determination.
Datta, R.(2018). Decolonizing both researcher and research and its effectiveness in Indigenous research. Research Ethics, 14(2), 1-24. https://doi.org/10.1177/1747016117733296
- Decolonization is not a metaphor
Article
Decolonization, as defined by the authors, involves the repatriation of Indigenous land and life and is not interchangeable with other actions aimed at reforming society or education. The misuse of decolonization as a metaphor dilutes its specific meaning and undermines its goals by conflating it with unrelated or only tangentially related efforts for change. The article critiques the adoption of decolonizing discourse in educational and social sciences as superficial, noting that such adoption often fails to address Indigenous sovereignty or the ongoing effects of settler colonialism. The authors argue that settler colonialism's structure, based on the entanglement of settler-native-slave relations, complicates and impedes genuine decolonization efforts. They introduce the concept of "settler moves to innocence" as strategies that attempt to absolve settlers of guilt or complicity without relinquishing land, power, or privilege.
Tuck, E. & Yang, K.W. (2012). Decolonization is not a metaphor. Decolonization: Indigeneity, Education, & Society, 1(1), 1-40. https://clas.osu.edu/sites/clas.osu.edu/files/Tuck%20and%20Yang%202012%20Decolonization%20is%20not%20a%20metaphor.pdf
Stage 3: Conducting the Research
Participatory Data Collection and Analysis
- Toward evidence-based antiracist policymaking: Problems and proposals for better data collection and reporting
Report
The article discusses how data collection and reporting issues have produced incomplete, incorrect, inconsistent, or incompatible data repositories. It also highlights the importance of comprehensive data across various demographics to understand and address racial inequities visible in different policy areas such as health, housing, and law enforcement.
Boston University Center for Antiracist Research. (2022). Toward evidence-based antiracist policymaking: Problems and proposals for better data collection and reporting. https://www.bu.edu/antiracism-center/policy/policy-reports/toward-evidence-based-antiracist-policymaking/
- Data Ethics Canvas
Tool
Tool to help researchers identify and manage the ethical issues of using data throughout the lifespan of a project.
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1ug4Cc0BLn7XkvGVSC5YR_M8dU_nq4kA3a0rWVeiiars/edit
- Human Participants Data Essentials
Tool
Tool to help researchers identify sensitive subjects related to human data.
Human Subject Interest Group of the Data Curation Network. Human participants data essentials. https://github.com/DataCurationNetwork/data-primers/blob/main/Human%20Participants%20Data%20Essentials%20Data%20Curation%20Primer/human-participants-data-essentials-data-curation-primer.md
- Towards better data science to address racial bias and health equity
Article
The authors argue for a data science for racial health equity framework, proposing eight guiding principles to ensure data science methodologies are antiracist and effectively serve minoritized groups. These principles emphasize robust interrogation of data, recognizing human biases in algorithms, the historical context of data, and collaborative approaches that include marginalized communities. By adopting these principles, data science can better identify, quantify, and address racial inequities in health, aiming not just to analyze but to transform inequitable systems and processes.
Nsoesie, E., & Galea, S. (2022). Towards better data science to address racial bias and health equity. PNAS Nexus, 1(3). https://doi.org/10.1093/pnasnexus/pgac120
- Consolidated criteria for strengthening reporting of health research involving indigenous peoples: the CONSIDERstatement
Article
The statement emphasizes the importance of genuine partnership, prioritization of Indigenous health outcomes, ethical conduct, and the protection of Indigenous knowledge. It identifies eight research domains—governance, relationships, prioritization, methodologies, participation, capacity, analysis and findings, and dissemination—offering 17 specific criteria for reporting research involving Indigenous Peoples. By providing a checklist for transparent and comprehensive reporting, the CONSIDER Statement seeks to strengthen research praxis, enhance Indigenous health outcomes, and support equity in research involving Indigenous communities.
Huria, T., Palmer, S. C., Pitama, S., Beckert, L., Lacey, C., Ewen, S., & Smith, L. T. (2019). Consolidated criteria for strengthening reporting of health research involving indigenous peoples: the CONSIDER statement. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 19(1), 173. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12874-019-0815-8
- Changing the Culture of Peer Review for a More Inclusive and Equitable Psychological Science
Article
The article critically examines the peer review process within the domains of psychology and neuroscience, highlighting its impact on the inclusivity and equity of psychological science. It addresses the consequences of the current peer review culture, which often lacks training or oversight to ensure feedback is helpful, professional, and culturally sensitive. The document discusses initiatives aiming to transform the normative negativity of peer review into a more constructive and inclusive process, focusing on diversity (broadening the range of identities and experiences in the field), equity (ensuring fair processes and outcomes across groups), and inclusion (promoting a sense of belonging).
Aly, M., Colunga, E., Crockett, M. J., Goldrick, M., Gomez, P., Kung, F. Y. H., McKee, P. C., Pérez, M., Stilwell, S. M., & Diekman, A. B. (2023). Changing the culture of peer review for a more inclusive and equitable psychological science. J Exp Psychol Gen, 152(12), 3546-3565. https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0001461
Stage 4: Impactful Dissemination
Community-Centered Dissemination
- A toolkit for centering racial equity within data integration
Tookit
The toolkit argues that data infrastructure, like historical infrastructure projects, has the potential to both benefit and harm communities, especially marginalized ones. To avoid exacerbating racial inequities, the toolkit emphasizes the importance of applying a racial equity lens at every stage of data integration, including planning, collection, access, analysis, and dissemination. It offers detailed guidance and best practices for engaging with communities, assessing the impact of data projects, and ensuring data use benefits all members of society equitably. The toolkit also includes activities and resources to help organizations implement these principles effectively.
Actionable Intelligence for Social Policy. (2020, June 18). A toolkit for centering racial equity within data integration. https://www.aecf.org/resources/a-toolkit-for-centering-racial-equity-within-data-integration
- Index of Community Engagement Techniques
Tookit
The toolkit provides a comprehensive overview of various methods for engaging communities across different levels of participation: Inform, Consult, Involve, Collaborate, and Empower. Each level of engagement is explained with specific techniques and tools, including both traditional and digital methods, to facilitate effective communication and participation. Techniques range from providing information via websites and videos to more interactive approaches like workshops, focus groups, and participatory budgeting. The document emphasizes the importance of selecting appropriate engagement methods based on project goals, community needs, and available resources. It also highlights considerations for ensuring accessibility, keeping content up-to-date, and engaging diverse community members effectively.
Tamarack Institute. (n.d.). Index of Community Engagement Techniques. https://www.tamarackcommunity.ca/interactive-tools/index-of-community-engagement-techniques
Feedback and Evaluation
- Deconstructing the Imperial Episteme: Decolonizing Knowledge Production in Program Evaluation
Article
The article critically examines the Eurocentric biases and frameworks that dominate evaluation theory and practice, calling for a shift towards incorporating Global South perspectives and indigenous knowledge systems. The paper emphasizes the importance of challenging the hegemony of Western evaluation methodologies to create more inclusive, equitable, and relevant evaluation practices. The authors argue for a transformative approach to evaluation that respects and integrates diverse ways of knowing, thereby contributing to the broader decolonization of knowledge production. This involves not only theoretical shifts but also practical changes in how evaluations are conducted and whose knowledge is valued.
Dighe, S., & Matthias, C. (2023). Deconstructing the Imperial Episteme: Decolonizing Knowledge Production in Program Evaluation. Journal of Multi-Disciplinary Evaluation, 19(44), 117–130. c
- Not as smart as we think we are: Rethinking evaluation to advance and reflect equity with Jara Dean-Coffey
Article
Jara Dean-Coffey, founder of the Equitable Evaluation Initiative (EEI), challenges traditional philanthropic evaluation methods that stem from early 20th-century industrialist practices. These practices, she argues, prioritize efficiency and quantitative metrics, creating power imbalances between funders and grantees. The EEI advocates for an evaluation framework that advances equity, encourages critical assessment, and embraces cultural and contextual diversity in measuring success. This initiative promotes a shift from conventional data-driven approaches to more inclusive and reflective evaluation practices, aiming to transform funder-grantee relationships and foster systemic change in philanthropy.
Greenlee, C. (n.d.). Not as smart as we think we are: Rethinking evaluation to advance and reflect equity with Jara Dean-Coffey. Chandler Foundation. https://www.chandlerfoundation.org/social-investor/not-as-smart-as-we-think-we-are
- Doing evaluation differently
Book chapter
The author critiques traditional methods that often rely on linear, Western models of cause and effect, which may not accurately capture the complexities of social change, especially in efforts to combat racism. Leiderman calls for more inclusive evaluation methods that recognize diverse ways of knowing and address the biases inherent in conventional data sources. She advocates for participatory and reflective evaluations that engage community members directly and examine power dynamics, aiming to make evaluations a tool for supporting transformative change towards equity and justice.
Leiderman, S. (2005). “Doing Evaluation Differently,” in Flipping the Script: White Privilege and Community Building. https://drive.google.com/file/d/1DsihztVx9eaC15mFgw0m3w0USsGuMil_/view
- Measuring is an act of power: A call for pro-black measurement and evaluation
Article
The article emphasizes the need for a shift in how social impact evaluations are conducted, particularly in Black communities. Traditional evaluation methods often fail to capture the true impact on these communities due to cultural biases and historical oversight. The authors argue for a pro-Black approach to evaluation that centers the perspectives and needs of Black communities, advocating for evaluations that are culturally valid and promote participant ownership. This approach involves redefining success based on the specific needs and conditions of Black communities, engaging them actively in the evaluation process, and adjusting power dynamics to ensure their insights and lived experiences shape the outcomes and interpretations of data. This change aims to create more accurate and beneficial evaluations that truly support sustainable improvements within these communities.
Romans, A., Stanciel, C., & Harley, T. (2022). Measuring is an act of power: A call for pro-black measurement and evaluation. Nonprofit Quarterly (NPQ) Magazine. https://nonprofitquarterly.org/measuring-is-an-act-of-power-a-call-for-pro-black-measurement-and-evaluation/
Cross-Cutting Considerations
Conflict Resolution Mechanisms
- Transformation through Interconnectedness Series, Session 3: Generative Conflict
Video
The speaker advocates for a shift in perspective on conflicts and tensions, viewing them as opportunities for growth. The presentation outlines three key approaches: cultivating self-awareness to manage personal emotions and needs; understanding the power dynamics of each conflict situation; and staying curious about the perspectives and motivations of others instead of rushing to judgment. This approach is aimed at fostering more mindful and effective leadership that can navigate and harness the complexities of interpersonal and systemic conflicts.
Dutt, M. (2021). Transformation through interconnectedness series, session 3: Generative conflict. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3VZ7Px0hYqU
- Nurturing relationships, navigating conflict
Guide
This guide is used for enhancing interpersonal connections and managing conflicts within organizations. It focuses on building authentic, resilient relationships and offers strategies and exercises to understand and address conflict constructively. The document includes activities like conflict reflection worksheets and resources, aiming to foster a supportive and transparent organizational culture. The guide encourages a nurturing approach to relationships and conflict, promoting personal well-being and collective resilience through reflective and embodied practices.
(n.d.). Nurturing relationships, navigating conflict. Auburn Seminary. https://auburnseminary.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/114-Nurturing-Relationships-Navigating-Conflict.pdf
- Conflict resolution with power and privilege in mind
Guide
The document outlines methods for individuals and organizations to approach conflicts thoughtfully, acknowledging the roles of privilege and systemic oppression. It provides detailed explanations and activities to help participants understand their own positions of power and privilege, and how these factors influence conflicts. The guide includes various exercises, such as the Thomas-Kilmann Conflict Mode Instrument, to identify personal conflict-handling styles and emphasizes skill-building in areas like engaged listening and empathy to foster more effective communication and resolution strategies in diverse settings.
Benson, A., & Smith, K. (2016). Conflict resolution with power and privilege in mind. CompassPoint Nonprofit Services. https://www.compasspoint.org/sites/default/files/documents/Conflict%20Resolution%20with%20PP%20in%20Mind%202.08.17%20-%20FINAL.pdf
- Turning towards eachother: A conflict workbook
Guide
The workbook provides tools and practices aimed at fostering self-awareness, enhancing communication, and building more resilient and supportive relationships within communities and organizations. It emphasizes the importance of recognizing and addressing the impacts of power dynamics and privilege on conflict situations. The workbook includes guided meditations, reflections on personal conflict styles, and structured activities for group explorations aimed at developing collective strategies for addressing and resolving conflicts in a constructive and empathetic manner.
"Ross, J., & Ghadbian, W. (2020). Turning towards eachother: A conflict workbook. Conflict Transformation Fund. https://96cd8e90-7f87-4399-af6b-c7156e91189a.filesusr.com/ugd/05f4b7_cec53ab03dcd4f32b1fecaf66ede2d80.pdf. "
Funding Structures
- Toward decolonized fiscal relationships between universities and community organizations: lessons learned from the California community engagement alliance against COVID-19
Article
The authors propose a framework for decolonizing fiscal relationships that emphasizes equitable control, flexibility, and the acknowledgement of community expertise. They advocate for a more inclusive consultation process in funding design, direct allocation of funds to community investigators, and investment in administrative capacity for smaller organizations.
"Burke, N. J., Rodriguez Espinosa, P., Corchado, C. C., Vázquez, E., Rosas, L. G., Wooe, K. J., LeSarre, M., Gallegos-Castillo, A., Cheney, A., Lo, D. D., Hintz, R., Vassar, S. D., & Brown, A. F. (2024). Toward decolonized fiscal relationships between universities and community organizations: lessons learned from the California community engagement alliance against COVID-19. Critical Public Health, 34(1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1080/09581596.2024.2323715"
- Improving the relationships between Indigenous rights holders and researchers in the Arctic: an invitation for change in funding and collaboration
Article
The article argues that funding agencies play a crucial role in enabling meaningful collaboration between Indigenous rights holders and researchers by re-thinking existing funding structures and practices. It proposes a new paradigm for financing Arctic research, which centers on the inclusion of Indigenous partners, researchers, and institutions from the initial planning stages of funding programs to the final stages of research projects.
Doering, N. N., Dudeck, S., Elverum, S., Fisher, C., Henriksen, J. E., Herrmann, T. M., Kramvig, B., Laptander, R., Milton, J., Omma, E. M., Saxinger, G., Scheepstra, A. J. M., & Wilson, K. (2022). Improving the relationships between Indigenous rights holders and researchers in the Arctic: an invitation for change in funding and collaboration. Environmental Research Letters, 17(6), 065014. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac72b5
Best Practices
- Planning your research process
Website
The guide provides a detailed framework for planning and conducting participatory research that is community-centered and equity-focused. It emphasizes the importance of setting clear goals and strategies that align with community values, ensuring equitable participation in all phases of the research process. Key aspects include building trust within research teams, managing resources ethically, and engaging community members actively in setting research questions, collecting data, and implementing findings. The guide advocates for research that empowers communities and supports social change, emphasizing the need for research outcomes to reflect the genuine needs and perspectives of the communities involved.
Othering & Belonging Institute. (n.d.). https://belonging.berkeley.edu/planning-your-research-process
- The toolkits for equity
Toolkits
Consists of three toolkits: Antiracism toolkit for Allies, Antiracism toolkit for organizations, and the antiracism toolkit for Black, Indigenous, and people of color
https://c4disc.pubpub.org/toolkits-for-equity
- You've been called out for a microaggression. What do you do?
Blog post
This free 30 day free self-paced program titled The Antiracist Table is designed to educate, to help people face and get past shame, anger, and blame, and to develop empathy–all key elements of creating an AntiRacist America.
https://hbr.org/2020/07/youve-been-called-out-for-a-microaggression-what-do-you-do
- The antiracist table
30-day program
This resource guide titled Useful resources for decolonizing syllabi in psychology by The Academy of Psychological Clinical Science provides general and specific recommendations for materials to add, change, or remove content.
https://theantiracisttable.com
Emerging Works
- The next generation of clinical-psychological science: Moving toward anti-racism
Article
The field of clinical-psychological science exists in a broader field of psychology that is increasingly acknowledged as embedded in racist and white-supremacist history. The article highlight some of the ways in which the clinical science model has neglected anti-racism. By examining the idiosyncratic development of the clinical science model in clinical-psychological science, we outline how its failure to contend with systemic racism in the field propagates a racist subdiscipline.
Rodriguez-Seijas, C., McClendon, J., Wendt, D. C., Novacek, D. M., Ebalu, T., Hallion, L. S., Hassan, N. Y., Huson, K., Spielmans, G. I., Folk, J. B., Khazem, L. R., Neblett, E. W., Cunningham, T. J., Hampton-Anderson, J., Steinman, S. A., Hamilton, J. L., & Mekawi, Y. (2024). The Next Generation of Clinical-Psychological Science: Moving Toward Anti-Racism. Clinical Psychological Science, 12(3), 526-546. https://doi.org/10.1177/21677026231156545
- Decolonizing and building liberatory psychological sciences
Chapter of a book
Neville, Lee, and Maghsoodi write a chapter named Decolonizing and building liberators psychological sciences that outlines key processes that are needed to center global majority ways of knowing.
Neville, H. A., Lee, B. A., & Maghsoodi, A. H. (2024). Decolonizing and building liberatory psychological sciences. In L. Comas-Díaz, H. Y. Adames, & N. Y. Chavez-Dueñas (Eds.), Decolonial psychology: Toward anticolonial theories, research, training, and practice (pp. 89–118). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/0000376-005
- An antiracist research framework: Principles, challenges, and recommendations for dismantling racism through research
Article
Goings and other scholars offer a conceptual framework, 10 principles of antiracism, and frequent challenges of anti-racist scholars to push for a paradigm shift in research.
https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/full/10.1086/720983
- Decolonising your reading list
Website
University of Exeter provides a resource titled Decolonizing your reading list that provides recommendations to read and listen to on decolonizing psychology.
https://libguides.exeter.ac.uk/c.php?g=688140&p=4948818